1. First step, forget everything and who is to blame and conspiracies so forth.
   
2. Let's assume climate indeed changes over time. There seems to be a lot of evidence for this in terms of ice-ages and other cycles over very long periods of time, since well before humans existed. The entire field of Paleoclimatology is based around this. You can see it used to be a lot colder and warmer in the past so let's assume that it can still change.
   
3. Further lets assume that climate affects us in various major ways, such as what crops grow well, the likelihood of storms, and so forth. Of course wikipedia has an article on it.
   
4. From the above it follows that there is a certain ideal climate that would be 'best'.
   
5. We should in theory be able to engineer the climate in various ways.
   
6. Thermodynamics tells us that there are ultimately only 4 modes of Heat Transfer, and since our planet is inside a vaccum (space) the only three ways to change the total entropy (heat) of the planet is incoming radiation, by energy lost to entropy, and outgoing radiation.
   
7. The notion of Earth's energy budget quantifies these a bit and splits some of these categories.
   
8. We can't do much about geothermal or tidal energy, and even if we theoretically could changing our amount of waste heat significantly would be difficult, and it presents a very small part of the overall budget. Most of the energy is incoming solar radiation, and aside from moving the planet or controlling the sun we can't do much there either. Though this will vary as the earth moves through it's elliptical orbit.
   
9. That leaves outgoing radiation, and this is primarily controlled by the atmosphere, clouds will reflect heat and so forth.
   
10. Therefore we should be able to alter the climate by adjusting the atmosphere. This is largely known as Geoengineering.
    
11. It would therefore be desirable and possible to tweak the planet to have the best climate. Not having the 'best' possible climate would have a cost in terms of lost opportunities and so forth.
    
12. Climate is global and therefore everyone should have some say in what the best climate is. Most agree keeping to the climate more or less as it has been in the last few centuries would be best, our croplands and cities are arranged largely on that assumption, but geoengineering is also expensive (so is moving cities, but I digress). Therefore we might have to settle for something that is not best, but still relatively close to it. (I disagree, having another ice-age would be cool )
    
13. Various gases released by our industries do have an effect on climate, so we want to tweak them so as to keep the geoengineering costs down, but this has it's own cost, so somewhere there is a happy medium.
    
14. Since most people and companies do not pay directly for the geoengineering it's an externality if you do something that effects it.
    
15. Scientific consensus is that CO2 is a greenhouse gas.
    
16. Scientific consensus is that the climate is warming.
    
17. Scientist aren't always right but they are the best we have at the moment.
    
18. If they are wrong we are miss-allocating our resources for little benefit (though cleaner air is nice, and so is less reliance on middle eastern oil. It does mean that millions of people in poverty stay in poverty for a bit longer, and everyone has to make do with a little less.). If they are right we are miss-allocating our resources and for the next century or so we'll need to spend a lot to make up for it in various ways (building dikes or moving cities, geoengineering, possible famines, millions of people dying, everyone has to make due with a lot less.). Given that they are probably right and the potential outcomes of the decisions it makes sense to err on the side of caution and spend more on prevention.
    
19. Since we know how to geo-engineer and how to release more or less greenhouse gasses we can compare the cost of both approaches and pick the one that is cheaper.
    
20. It is generally agree that unless you want to make the planet warmer it's much cheaper to reduce emissions of CO2.
    
21. A fair way to deal with externalities is to tax them, eg if you pollute the water, and a city down river needs to spend an extra few million on water purification it would make sense if you are the one to pay for it. Everything has a cost to fix it, so if you break it you pay for it. It is often very expensive to fix something after it's broken, eg it's much cheaper to spill oil into the gulf than it is to clean it up.
    
22. A fair tax on emissions would therefore be the cost to fix the emission, and if you release a gas that does only good things you get rewarded with a tax credit for how much cheaper you have made things.
    
23. This would apply to everything, so if you have a factory that kills thousands, causes billions in health-care cost and in associated geo-engineering cost to fix it you need to pay those billions in taxes so it can be fixed. If in contrast you have emissions that make people healthier so you save millions in healthcare and geoengineering cost you would get those millions in tax credits.
    
24. If you applied this point rigorously then all coal powerplants would be replaced by cheaper ones. And if the private sector could do a better job of cleanup than the government it would be sensible for them to step in and cash in on those tax credits.
    
25. Due to the massive disruption you would need to phase such a scheme in gradually, and the adjustment would have some cost.
    
26. A lot of ecologicals are not so much concerned with the cost of things as they are with the sin of polluting. It's a very human way of thinking but not very rational.
    

Jinx999 Wrote:I know perfectly well that the side you support is perfectly rational with a few unforunate fringe groups hanging on while the other side is a bunch of loonys with a few unfortunate dupes

Quote:doing experiments when you've only got one test tube and you're inside it is a mite risky.

Jinx999 Wrote:Even if we could leave aside the real problem (the political screaming match), doing experiments when you've only got one test tube and you're inside it is a mite risky.

Jinx999 Wrote:I know perfectly well that the side you support is perfectly rational with a few unforunate fringe groups hanging on while the other side is a bunch of loonys with a few unfortunate dupes, but bear with me here.

Jinx999 Wrote:Even if we could leave aside the real problem (the political screaming match), doing experiments when you've only got one test tube and you're inside it is a mite risky.

Quote:This. I remember hearing a radio show talking about the potential effects of geoengineering disasters... the sort of stuff that would make you wish you hadn't even tried.

(The big concern seems to be that you won't get any sort of global effort, you'll get three or four different countries doing their own thing towards who-knows-what end result, who may or may not know what they're doing, leading to a combined result of everything getting totally bollixed.)

Quote:Yeah, I completly believe that mankind is causing a least some level of climate change, but some of the proposed 'fixes' make me want to scream "ARE YOU OUT OF YOUR MIND? YOU'LL KILL US ALL!"

Quote:Catty, you mentioned the ole lower reliance on Oil from the Middle East, but (assuming you mean the USA's reliance) there's really no such thing. Most US oil comes from Canada and Mexico.

Quote:Global Response is definitly the sticking point, especially with the world economy already teetering. And places like China are never going to do anything that would endanger their competitive edge.